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The section on freedom has nothing to do with Kant's proof of freedom in the second critique. This needs to be updated.
Some discussion of Kant's Religion is needed in the sections on moral philosophy and on religion.
It would be good to put a link to the actual article that Kant wrote in response to Berlin Academy's 1754 prize question. Its English translation can be found here. [DONE, 29 March 2022 Errantios (talk) 05:54, 29 March 2022 (UTC)]. Regarding P. Frisi who won the prize, I believe he is Paolo Frisi, and he won the prize for his work De moto diurno terrae according to [1]. Details need to confirmed.
Priority 1 (top)
Kant's Relevance to Moral Epistemology and its Relation to Meta-Ethics
The text in the "Aesthetics" section of this article states that "In the 'Critique of Aesthetic Judgment', the first major division of the Critique of the Power of Judgment, Kant used the term "aesthetic" in a manner that differs from its modern sense". The reference given for this is Critique of Judgment in "Kant, Immanuel" Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Vol 4. Macmillan, 1973 i.e. the first edition of the Encyclopedia of Philosophy. In the second edition (2006), page 25, we now read that "The “Critique of Aesthetic Judgment,” the first major division of the Critique of Judgment, uses the term aesthetic in what has become its modern sense", see https://ia601704.us.archive.org/23/items/encyclopedia-of-philosophy_202010/Volume%205.pdf. Does this represent a change from the first edition to the second edition of the Encyclopedia of Philosophy, or is this an error in the Wikipedia text? BobKilcoyne (talk) 09:10, 16 November 2024 (UTC)[reply]
Good catch! I think the second edition is closer to correct. In its then-traditional sense, that of Leibnizian-Wolffian philosophy, "aesthetics" referred to the science of perception in general. In our sense today, it refers to the study of a more narrow set of categories or phenomena, of which the beautiful and the sublime are two of the longest standing. It is this latter sense that is the main topic of Part I of the CPJ.
According to Howard Caygill's 1995 Kant Dictionary, however, it's a bit more complicated:
Kant, consistent with eighteenth-century German usage, gives the term 'aesthetic' two distinct meanings. It refers to both the 'science of a priori sensibility' and the 'critique of taste' or philosophy of art. The first usage prevails in the 'Transcendental Aesthetic' of CPR, the second in the 'Critique of Aesthetic Judgement' - the first part of CJ.
As Kant himself notes in a footnote (CPR A 21/B 35), the two distinct meanings of the term were established by the Wolffian philosopher A.G. Baumgarten. In his Reflections on Poetry (1735) and later in his Aesthetica (17508), Baumgarten revived the Greek term 'aisthesis' in order to remedy problems in the areas of sensibility and art which had become apparent with Wolff's system. Wolff's rationalism had reduced sensibility to the 'confused perception of a rational perfection' and had left no place for the philosophical treatment of art. Baumgarten tried to solve both problems at once by claiming that sensible or aesthetic knowledge had its own dignity and contributed to rational knowledge, and that art exemplified this knowledge by offering a sensible image of perfection. (p.53)
Possibly, though, that's more background detail than we need on this page? If so, I think it would be fine to just update it according to the Macmillian Encyclopedia.
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